Bridge Exploit attacks on Bitcoin

An attacker exploited a range-proof caching bug in Liquid's Elements software to mint about 4,000 unbacked L-BTC and peg them out for roughly $319 million in real bitcoin.

DPRK's Lazarus drained $4.3M from ALEX Lab's Stacks cross-chain bridge via a flaw in the bridge's verification logic, traced via on-chain laundering.

$13M+ drained from THORChain across two attacks one week apart, both exploiting fake-deposit flaws in the Bifrost Ethereum bridge weeks into Chaosnet.